Which sound is most similar to Tyler's murmur?

A ventricular septal defect (VSD) creates a specific type of heart murmur characterized by a high-pitched, holosystolic or continuous sound that occurs throughout the entire phase of ventricular contraction. This sound can often be distinguished by its quality and timing as blood flows from the left ventricle to the right ventricle through the defect, creating turbulent blood flow.

In cases of VSD, the murmur is typically loudest at the lower left sternal border, reflecting the significant shunting of blood. This turbulent flow generates the distinctive sound that parallels what Tyler is experiencing. Recognizing the nature of this murmur is essential in the assessment of pediatric patients, as it can indicate the presence of a congenital heart defect that may require further evaluation or intervention.

In contrast, murmurs associated with aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation have different timing and qualities. Aortic stenosis typically produces a systolic ejection murmur, which is often described as a "crescendo-decrescendo" sound, while mitral regurgitation results in a holosystolic murmur that is distinct but varies in appearance and intensity. Normal heart sounds, meanwhile, do not exhibit the characteristics of pathological murmurs, highlighting