Which of the following signs would require immediate medical attention in a pediatric patient?

Altered mental status in a pediatric patient is a critical sign that requires immediate medical attention because it can indicate a serious underlying condition. Changes in consciousness or awareness can stem from a variety of medical emergencies, such as infection, head trauma, seizures, or metabolic disturbances.

In children, the brain is still developing, and any alteration in mental status can quickly escalate to severe complications if not addressed promptly. Therefore, recognizing altered mental status—whether that manifests as confusion, lethargy, unresponsiveness, or significant changes in behavior—is crucial in prioritizing healthcare needs.

Other signs, such as low-grade fever or minor irritability, while they may need monitoring or follow-up, typically do not represent an immediate threat to the child's health. Similarly, stable vital signs generally indicate that a child is not in critical distress and does not require urgent intervention. In summary, among the options provided, altered mental status stands out as an urgent concern, necessitating swift medical evaluation and intervention.