Which of the following is a common emergency treatment for TCA overdose?

Sodium bicarbonate is a common emergency treatment for tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) overdose due to its ability to counteract the cardiotoxic effects of TCAs. In cases of overdose, these medications can lead to metabolic acidosis and significant cardiac dysrhythmias. The administration of sodium bicarbonate helps to alkalinize the blood, which can stabilize cardiac membrane potential and improve the likelihood of favorable outcomes.

Activated charcoal may also be used in the context of overdose to reduce absorption of the drug if given shortly after ingestion, but it is not specifically aimed at treating the complications associated with TCA overdose. Gastric lavage can be considered in certain scenarios, but it is less commonly utilized in practice due to the potential for complications and has limited effectiveness beyond a short window post-ingestion.

Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine antagonist and is not relevant for TCA overdose, as it does not reverse the effects of these particular medications. Therefore, sodium bicarbonate stands out as the most appropriate and effective treatment for the specific complications arising from TCA toxicity.