Which factors are associated with predisposing a newborn to hyperbilirubinemia?

All of the factors mentioned contribute to the risk of developing hyperbilirubinemia in newborns. Breastfeeding can predispose infants to hyperbilirubinemia, particularly in the early days after birth, as it may lead to inadequate caloric intake and dehydration, which can affect the elimination of bilirubin.

Blood type mismatch, specifically when there is Rh or ABO incompatibility between the mother and the infant, can lead to hemolysis (the breakdown of red blood cells), which significantly increases bilirubin production.

Certain ethnic backgrounds, including Mediterranean ethnicity, can be associated with a higher incidence of conditions that lead to increased hemolysis, such as thalassemias or other hereditary spherocytosis disorders, thereby heightening the risk for hyperbilirubinemia.

Therefore, each of these factors contributes to the susceptibility of newborns to hyperbilirubinemia, making the correct choice one that includes all of them.