What is the most likely cause of Benjamin's anemia?

Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia, particularly in pediatric patients. In young children, this condition often arises from insufficient dietary intake of iron or increased requirements during rapid growth periods. For instance, infants who are not getting enough iron through breast milk or formula, or who are consuming primarily cow's milk, may not meet their iron needs. Additionally, in older children or adolescents, a diet lacking in iron-rich foods, or loss of blood due to menstruation or gastrointestinal issues, can lead to iron deficiency.

This condition results in decreased hemoglobin production, which is essential for the transport of oxygen in the blood, leading to the symptoms and laboratory findings associated with anemia—such as pallor, fatigue, and low red blood cell count. Recognizing iron deficiency as a probable cause of anemia allows for prompt dietary interventions or supplementation, addressing the underlying issue effectively.

While vitamin deficiency, ineffective erythropoiesis, and infections can also contribute to anemia, they tend to be less common causes compared to iron deficiency in pediatric populations. Vitamin deficiencies (like vitamin B12 or folate) often present with additional symptoms beyond typical anemia, ineffective erythropoiesis may suggest more chronic or genetic conditions, and infections would likely present with more systemic signs