In assessing a 5-day-old infant with jaundice, which of the following would NOT be associated with an increased risk for neonatal jaundice?

The association of certain conditions with neonatal jaundice is crucial for understanding the potential risks in newborns. In this particular case, phenylketonuria (PKU) is the correct answer as it is not typically linked to an increased risk for neonatal jaundice.

PKU is a genetic disorder resulting from an inability to break down the amino acid phenylalanine, which can lead to various health issues if not managed with dietary restrictions. However, it does not inherently cause jaundice in newborns. Jaundice largely arises due to factors such as the immature hepatic function in newborns or increased breakdown of red blood cells (hemolysis), both of which are unrelated to the metabolic processes impacted by PKU.

On the other hand, breastfeeding difficulties can lead to decreased feeding and inadequate intake of calories and fluids, which may contribute to dehydration and increased bilirubin levels, hence raising the risk of jaundice. Low birth weight is associated with immature liver function and an increased incidence of jaundice due to the body's reduced capacity to handle bilirubin. Gestational diabetes may also lead to infant complications, including increased birth weight and potential feeding issues, thereby affecting the chances of developing jaundice.

In conclusion, while breastfeeding difficulties, low birth weight